Highly pathogenic avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu or avian flu, continues to spread, and some experts warn we are on the verge of a major pandemic. The virus has ravaged poultry farms across the country, resulting in cruel "depopulation” (the mass killing of farm animals). Sadly, more than 150 million birds have been culled since the current H5N1 strain was first detected in the U.S. in 2022. To make matters worse, bird flu has now been detected in numerous other species, including dairy cows, cats, and even humans.

Here's what you need to know to keep your cats safe.

Cats are very susceptible to H5N1 infection, but at this time the overall risk for exposure and infection is believed to be low. Dogs appear less susceptible to the current H5N1 strain, though this could evolve.

Cats who are most at risk include those who:

• Consume unpasteurized dairy products or raw or undercooked poultry
• Are exposed to sick or deceased wild birds, particularly waterfowl like geese and ducks
• Come in contact with poultry or dairy cows on farms or in backyard flocks and those in contact with infected people or animals

You can limit the risk of exposure and infection by keeping cats indoors or in enclosed “catios.” Also, avoid feeding unpasteurized dairy products or raw or undercooked poultry (chicken, turkey and duck). This includes raw diets. Prevent your cats from coming in contact with sick or deceased wild birds, particularly waterfowl such as geese and ducks, and prevent contact with dairy cows or poultry.

Monitor your cat for signs of H5N1 infection, which include coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge, trouble breathing, lethargy, disorientation, trouble walking and sudden onset of severe disease or death without prior signs of illness or injury.

One last note: Experts’ understanding of H5N1 avian influenza is continually evolving and recommendations may change as we learn more. Your veterinarian is your best resource. Contact them if you have questions about your cat’s health or if you suspect illness.

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